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My device

• S10 (beyond1lte)
• SM-G973F/DS

Starting point

• Locked bootloader
• Security update: 01/2022 with a pending update
• Android 12 - OneUI 4.0

Step by step

A. Unlock the Bootloader:
Source: https://forum.xda-developers.com/t/recovery-official-3-6-1-x-twrp-for-galaxy-s10-e-5g-exynos.4180287/

1. Make sure OEM Unlock is ON in developer settings (How To)
2. Turn off the phone
3. While pressing Vol Down + Bixby key, plug the device to a PC via USB cable to enter download mode;
4. Long press Vol Up then confirm you want to unlock bootloader (this is needed one time only)
   * Please be aware all your data will be erased including internal storage and phone will reboot!!
5. Let the phone boot normally. Complete Android setup and connect to internet (wireless or mobile data) in order to unlock RMM (Not sure what this is)
6. Make sure OEM Unlock is ON in developer settings
7. Turn off the phone
8. Repeat Step 3 to boot to Download mode then short press Vol Up to confirm you want to go to download mode
   * If by any chance you see RMM state=Prenormal or KG state=Prenormal, redo from step 5!

B. Flash TWRP Recovery:
(You may skip to flashing LOS recovery but I'm not sure how to use that to flash zip files and wiping partitions)

1. Download appropriate TWRP .img file according to your device.

2. Download avb disabled vbmeta .img

3. While your device is in Download mode, open your preferred terminal in linux and run the following (replace texts enclosed by <> with the path of downloaded img files):
   sudo heimdall flash --RECOVERY </path/to/twrp.img> --VBMETA </path/to/vbmeta.img>

   After pressing enter to run the command, grab the phone and press Vol Up + Bixby + Power to force it to boot straight to TWRP after flashing
   Otherwise, press the same buttons while the device is turned off to boot to recovery.

!! Only if coming from full stock firmware

• In TWRP home screen, press Wipe > Format data > yes
• Download and flash multidisabler-samsung-3.* zip to disable security and encryption (Install > Choose zip file > Swipe to start flashing)

C. Flash LOS Recovery:

1. Download recovery image from LineageOS
   Sample file name: lineage-18.1-20220311-recovery-beyond1lte.img
2. While your device is in Download mode, run the following command
   sudo heimdall flash --RECOVERY </path/to/LOS_recovery.img> --VBMETA </path/to/vbmeta.img>

D. _Flash Ubuntu Touch:
(This is using LOS recovery. I think you may flash with TWRP too but since updates are done by manually flashing, fastboot may be better and simpler instead of transferring files to the device for flashing via TWRP)

1. Download the latest artifacts.zip file by clicking on the action button on the right most side of the latest passed pipeline item. Select the appropriate item for your device.
   Example: devel-flashable-beyond<0/1/2>lte:archive
2. Download vendor image for your device.
3. Boot to recovery
4. Go to Advanced > Enter fastboot
5. Plug the device to your PC.
6. Run the following commands. Replace the texts enclosed by <> with the correct paths and file name.

   fastboot flash boot </path/to/boot.img>
   fastboot flash system </path/to/ubuntu.img>
   fastboot flash vendor </path/to/vendor-ut-beyond<0/1/2>lte.img>
   

7. Reboot and enjoy UT!