@lduboeuf Your instructions for Xenial worked perfectly.
It was necessary to:
sudo touch /userdata/.writable_image
sudo touch /userdata/.writable_device_image
and reboot.
I can see that creating those two files means that the /dev/loop0 device is mounted read/write at boot time which means it is already writable when the ofono.override file is bind mounted.
BTW, can you point me at the documentation about those two files?