@arubislander I've looked at the logs per your suggestion, but strangely enough the app does not list any log pertaining to Sublime Text (which I would expect to find under focal_sublime_*), and I don't find any reference to it in any of the lomiri-* logs.
As an update to the initial question, lomiri-app-launch focal_sublime_0.0 reports Started: focal_sublime_0.0 with no error, but like with the desktop shortcut, nothing is launched.
Also, occasionally just clicking the app shortcut will fully kill/power off the OS.